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Fluid power applications 7th edition pdf7/30/2023 The first impulse type turbine was created by Carl Gustaf de Laval in 1883. Practical hydroelectric water turbines and steam turbines did not appear until the 1880s. The first patent for gas turbines were filed in 1791 by John Barber. Primitive turbines and conceptual designs for them, such as the smoke jack, appeared intermittently but the temperatures and pressures required for a practically efficient turbine exceeded the manufacturing technology of the time. ![]() When steam power started to be used, as the first power source driven by the combustion of a fuel rather than renewable natural power sources, this was as reciprocating engines. ![]() These were used throughout the medieval period and began the first Industrial Revolution. The first turbomachines could be identified as water wheels, which appeared between the 3rd and 1st centuries BCE in the Mediterranean region. Centrifugal pumps are also turbomachines that transfer energy from a rotor to a fluid, usually a liquid, while turbines and compressors usually work with a gas. These two types of machines are governed by the same basic relationships including Newton's second Law of Motion and Euler's pump and turbine equation for compressible fluids. While a turbine transfers energy from a fluid to a rotor, a compressor transfers energy from a rotor to a fluid. Turbomachinery, in mechanical engineering, describes machines that transfer energy between a rotor and a fluid, including both turbines and compressors. ![]() ![]() Aircraft engine, in this case a Boeing 777 engine
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